MUISCA AND TAIRONA CULTURES

Muiscas and Taironas were the cultures representative most in the scientific development and the Colombian population's technician. Your advances in the goldwork, the agriculture and the sculpture are some of the most important inheritances that they left us. However, The muiscas and the taironas are not in your entirety equals, the muiscas was big thinkers and reflexive, on the other hand, the taironas was centered in the invigoration of the agriculture techniques and you fish.

The muiscas worked the gold in a productive way, they designed arrangements for your dresses as necklaces, rings, narigueras and big earrings, also, work the mud making big recipients and big fields of corn and potato had. On the other hand, The taironas also worked the gold, they made it in a special way, they loved to design, recipients and ornamental attractive elements, they loved to fish and to harvest potato, corn and bean.

However, the muiscas and the taironas were different, the muiscas was more reflexive and lovers of the astrology, were the first in thinking of the stations and in the constellations, associating your meaning to each one of your gods. However, the taironas developed technical more advanced of agriculture, they harvested but agricultural products and they introduced the exchange like trade form and exchange with other cultures.

In conclusion, the muiscas and the taironas contributed many of the knowledge in arts like the goldwork, the agriculture techniques and the science of the astrology. Your development facilitates people the knowledge of our ancestors and I force them to value the cultures that from times behind were interested for the cultural development of the country.

TAIRONA CULTURE

The taironas was adorned with pieces and jewels of gold. The men were placed earmuffs and caricuries in the noses and big chagualas in the chest. The women started similar elements to those of the men.

They had jewels of gold, feather feathers and blankets with interwoven many paintings, and in them many stones cornalinas. emeralds, casidonias, jaspers and others."

During the period Tairona the destinations of the community were governed by a powerful chamanes elite that you/they said to have control on the essential forces of the nature, the classification of the cosmos and the human actions. They were those in charge of looking after the material and spiritual well-being of the community. In multiple objects you leave them represented in the trance of the transformation, like in the emblemática it figures of the man-bat, Mister of the night and the underworld.


Sierra's late groups Nevada, of language chibcha, they had concepts and beliefs common with other societies of the linguistic same family. With the inhabitants of the Oriental Mountain range they shared the symbol and ideology of the bird with deployed wings and the sense of the offerings.

MUISCA CULTURE

Among the ancients civilizations of Colombia more important and representative are the Muiscas and the Taironas . First, the Muisca culture was organized in confederations. Each confederation was formed by several towns that were together around an important city. When the Spaniards arrived they found three important confederations:

*Bacata: located where today is Bogotá, your chief were the Zipa.

*Hunza: located where today is Tunja, your chief were the Zaque.

*Sugamuxi: located where today is Sogamoso, your chief were the supreme priest named Iraca.

The characteristic levels of the social organization were the following :

1. The caciques, were the bosses or rulers of each town. They were the most important character therefore they were privileges, a privileges were to use special decorations in the dresses.

2.Los Sheiks, they were the priests. They were taken charge of the cults and to represent the community .

3.Los guechas, they were the warriors. They were distinguished for your courage in the battles.

4.Los proclaimers, they were the interpreter when they met with other indigenous communities.

5.The town, conformed by all the muiscas.

6.Los slaves, they were the prisoners of war.

The political organization of the muiscas is very similar to the current , in each department there is a capital city where the governor lives. In each confederation there was a capital city where the boss lived. Around the capital of a department there is many small populations in which sent the caciques and the usaques.In conclusion, the political organization of our country owes it to the muiscas

TRADE MUISCA CIVILIZATION

The muiscas was excellent farmers, they cultivated corn, potato, bean and fruits like the pineapple, , avocado, and guava.They also hunted rabbits, deers and diverse birds.

They were more skilled that the tairones shovel to spin the cotton and to manufacture very beautiful and well made cloths. With these cloths they elaborated blankets and coats that protected them of the cold.

They made wide variety of pots and vessels of mud which painted and they adorned with drawings of animals. They also worked with gold and they made decorations that nowadays remain in the Museum of the Gold in Bogotá.

They took out emeralds in sogamoso, using pointed bars in wood. They also explored copper locations and gold. However, the treasure but valuable of the muiscas you were the salt the sual they extracted of the Zipa and Nemocon mines.

With the salt they made exchanges or changes of goods with other tribes, the muiscas gave salt and they received gold, cotton, shells and feathers of several colors.One can say that the salt was the currency or money of the muiscas.

Contrary to the taironas the muiscas used the stone to make your constructions. the houses made them with mud and straw; the roofs were made of straw. At the present time there is not anything of the houses and the temples since muiscas were damaged.

COLOMBIA and THE ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS

INTRODUCTION

Before of arriving the Spaniards, in our territory inhabited great quantity of indigenous groups with different life forms and languages.Some of these tribes were very backward in your development, since they lived in very isolated regions from which it were very difficult to communicate with other tribes more advanced.

Also inhabited our country indigenous numerous groups with a high development grade and very advanced knowledge in agriculture, astronomy, engineering, mining, goldwork, etc.

The indigenous main cultures that inhabited Colombia before of the America discovery, the order in that they were appearing are the following:

Calima Culture

Since 2.800 years behind. Your members inhabited the territories that today belong to the Valle del Cauca.

San Agustín Culture

Since 2.600 years behind. Your members inhabited the territories that today belong to the Huila department.

Tumaco Culture

Since 2.500 years behind. Your members inhabited the territories that today belong to the Nariño department.

Sinú Culture

Since 2.500 years behind. Your members inhabited the territories that today belong to the Bolivar and Sucre departments.

Quimbaya Culture

Since 2.500 years behind. Your members inhabited the territories that today belong to the Quindío and Risaralda departments.

Muisca Culture

Since 2.300 years behind. Your members inhabited the territories that today belong to the Cundinamarca and Boyacá departments.

Tairona Culture

Since 1.300 years behind. Your members inhabited the territories that today belong to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.